WILT DISEASE:
Causal Organism= Fusarium udum
Symptoms=
· Wilt disease may appear from early stages of plant growth up to flowering and podding.
· The disease appears as gradual withering and drying branches and finally death of plant.
· Yellowing of leaves and blackening of stem starting from collar to branches which gradually result in drooping and pre-mature drying of leaves, stems, branches and finally death of plants.
· Vascular tissues exhibit brown discolouration.
Favourable Condition=
· Soil temperature= 17-25 degree
· Continuous cultivation of gram in same field.
· Monoculture of groundnut.
· long periods of high relative humidity and rainfall.
Disease Cycle=
Perennation=
· fungus
survive in the infected stubbles in the field.
Primary
infection=
· Soil
also borne chlamydospores and also by infected seeds.
Secondary
infection=
· Through
irrigation water and implements.
Disease cycle of wilt disease=
Management=
Cultural method
· Adopt crop rotation.
· Grow resistant varieties: Jawahar, Malviya, Arhar-2, Pusa-9, C-11 etc.
· Maintain proper moisture in the field.
· Avoid water logging condition.
· Use proper deranged application in the field.
· Proper sanitation application applies in the field. E.g.: soil solarization.
· Proper spacing maintain row to row and plant to plant.
· Remove infarcted part of the plant.
· Apply good weed management practices.
· Apply good irrigation application in the filed area.
Chemical method
· Seeds treat with Trichoderma viride at 4g/kg (106 fu/g)
· Spray with Fenazaquin at 1 ml/Liter soon after the appearance of the disease and, if necessary, repeat after 15 days.
