Tillage:
· Tillage is part of the filed preparations using in agnomical practices.
· Tillage application use for the removal the hardness of the crop.
Tilth:
· Tilth term is use for determining the physical condition of the soil.
· For example:
o Fine tilth of the soil means smooth texture of physical condition of the soil.
Classification of Tillage:
1) Primary Tillage
2) Secondary Tillage
Primary Tillage:
· Primary tillage is the first tillage application using after harvest old crop in the field.
· In primary tillage, the depth of tilling 15-90cm around maintain.
· In primary tillage remove the soil hardness and soil compactness with the help of tillage implements.
· In primary tillage, lower layer of soil is transformed into upper surface through the process of ploughing.
· Primary tillage helps to destroy the disease-causing bacteria, fungus with the help of solarization.
· Following the implements use in primary tillage:
o Mould-board plough
o Disc plough
o Sub-soil plough
o Chisel plough
Secondary tillage:
· Secondary tillage is the second tillage application conducted 1-2 weeks after the initial primary tillage application.
· In secondary tillage, the depth of tilling 15cm maintain.
· In secondary tillage use to breaking clods, soil pulverisation and taking soil ta a fine tilth.
· Secondary tillage helps to controlling the weeds growth.
· Following the implements use in secondary tillage:
o Cultivator
o Harrow
o Plank and roller
o Disc Harrow
Objective of tillage:
· Tillage helps to prevent soil erosion.
· Tillage helps to increase water holding capacity.
· Tillage helps to increase air circulation in the soil
· It helps to reduce and control weed growth.
· It helps to kills harmful insects present in soil.
· Tillage helps to improving soil structure.